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Kraken: its public record
Kraken’s public record: a MiCA authorisation, no New York licence, a Dubai licence, 1 hack ($10.4m) and 4 US enforcement documents naming it.
Kraken holds a MiCA authorisation in the EU through Ireland, first granted on 25 June 2025. It isn’t on New York’s list of virtual currency licensees. In Dubai, the Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority lists Payward FZCO as licensed, from 6 October 2026. The hacks ledger records 1 hack of the company itself with a known loss, $10.4m in all, on 2 June 2019. 4 US enforcement documents name it in the title, the latest from the SEC on 27 March 2025 (“SEC filed a joint stipulation to dismiss with prejudice its civil enforcement action against crypto exchange Kraken”).
Licences
| Firm | Country | Regulator | From | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payward Global Solutions Limited trading as Kraken, Kraken Digital Asset Exchange | Ireland | Central Bank of Ireland (CBI) | 25 Jun 2025 | Authorised |
| Payward Europe Solutions Limited trading as Kraken Digital Asset Exchange (Kraken) | Ireland | Central Bank of Ireland (CBI) | 25 Jun 2025 | Authorised |
Dubai: Payward FZCO, VASP Licence VL/26/10/002, from 06 Oct 2026 (Management and Investment Services; Broker-Dealer Services). Source: VARA public register · every Dubai licence.
Hacks of the company itself
| Date | Target | Lost | Type | Method | Returned or repaid |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 02 Jun 2019 | Kraken | $10.4m | CEX | Improper Access Control | — |
From the hacks ledger, which follows DefiLlama’s records of incidents with a known loss. Hacks of a brand’s separate DeFi products, takeovers of its social media accounts and abnormal-trading incidents classed as market manipulation aren’t counted here.
US enforcement documents naming it
| Date | Agency | Step | What the document says |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27 Mar 2025 | SEC | Dismissal | SEC filed a joint stipulation to dismiss with prejudice its civil enforcement action against crypto exchange Kraken. |
| 20 Nov 2023 | SEC | Civil action | SEC sued Kraken alleging it operated its crypto platform as an unregistered securities exchange, broker, dealer, and clearing agency. Later: The SEC filed a joint stipulation to dismiss this action with prejudice on 27 March 2025. SEC litigation release 26278 |
| 09 Feb 2023 | SEC | Proposed settlement | Kraken agreed to stop its unregistered crypto staking program and pay $30 million in a proposed settlement of SEC charges. |
| 28 Sept 2021 | CFTC | Settlement | Kraken settled CFTC charges of offering illegal margined retail digital asset trading and failing to register as an FCM. |
Documents that name Kraken in the title. Charges are allegations unless a plea, conviction or settlement is stated, and a later document can change the outcome. See every document in the company check.
What this record can’t tell you
This is the public record, not a safety rating or advice. It can’t show how a company holds customers’ money today, whether it is solvent, how it treats complaints, or cases outside the US. The enforcement ledger is complete from January 2024 and holds only some earlier documents. Matching is by name, so a firm with another name can be missed, and a record can lag the latest events. Every figure comes from the ledgers, each with its source: all 27 exchanges and apps compared.
Cite this Bitminer.io, “Kraken: its public record”, data to 6 November 2026, https://bitminer.io/ledger/exchange/kraken/. Free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 with credit and a link. How this is built · Frozen copy of November 2026’s data